PERU FARMING HISTORY
Peru has a rich farming history that dates back to ancient times. The ancient Peruvians are known to have developed complex irrigation systems, terraces and crop rotation techniques to make the most out of their fertile lands. They grew a variety of crops including maize, potatoes, quinoa, beans, and cocoa. These crops contributed significantly to the local economy and were used in daily meals, rituals, and trade.
During the Inca Empire, farming practices continued to be developed and refined, with the construction of large terraces and aqueducts to irrigate crops. The Incas also developed a sophisticated system of storage and distribution, allowing them to withstand droughts and famines.
After the arrival of the Spanish, the local agriculture witnessed significant changes. The Spanish introduced new crops such as wheat and barley and livestock such as cattle and sheep. The introduction of these new animals brought about changes to the local systems of farming and millions of hectares of forest were cleared to make way for cattle farms.
Today, farming in Peru is a vital part of the economy, with crops such as coffee, rice, and sugarcane being major exports. The country’s organic farming industry is also growing, along with the production of superfoods such as quinoa and maca. Small-scale farmers form the backbone of Peru’s agricultural sector, making up almost 80% of the workforce.
